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Both AD and dyslipidemias are
2022-12-02
Both AD and dyslipidemias are global public health problems, and an increase in their incidence over the next decades is expected. Among many triggering elements, the increase in life expectancy is one of the main risk factors associated with the increase in the incidence of AD. Meanwhile, dyslipide
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COPD is almost unheard of in individuals
2022-12-02
COPD is almost unheard of in individuals less than 40 years of age (even among heavy smokers), 1 in 10 lifetime never-smokers and 1 in 3 develop COPD by age 75 [26], unquestionably, COPD is an age-related disorder. This notion of accelerated ageing of COPD is supported by animal models, which demons
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To this the evidence of opposite
2022-12-02
To this, the evidence of opposite effects of noradrenaline and adrenaline on the striatal firing initiation (Fig. 6, Fig. 7) should not be ignored, because the striatum is related to controlling action timing by regulating the firing increase rate (Tanaka and Kunimatsu, 2011). Although the ligand su
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The relatively high concentration of HT
2022-12-02
The relatively high concentration of 5-HT used in this study (100 µM) is consistent with the concentrations used in other published ex vivo studies (Ropert and Guy, 1991, Passani et al., 1994, Shen and Andrade, 1998). In our paradigm 5-HT was focally applied at the surface of the slice via a fast pe
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br Functional consequences of ADK
2022-12-02
Functional consequences of ADK regulation on astrocyte function As outlined above (see introduction), ADK critically regulates the extracellular adenosine levels in 1400W dihydrochloride (Boison, 2006, Etherington et al., 2009). Changes in the levels of adenosine, as a result of the regulation o
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br Introduction ACK or Activated Cdc Associated Kinase locat
2022-12-02
Introduction ACK1, or Activated Cdc42-Associated Kinase, located on chromosome 3q, is a ubiquitously expressed non-receptor tyrosine kinase cloned from a human SGX523 cDNA library (Manser et al., 1993). It was first identified to bind to activated Cdc42, a small Ras GTPase via its CRIB domain (M
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br Improvement of endothelial function The vascular endothel
2022-12-02
Improvement of endothelial function The vascular endothelium is a single layer of Benzethonium Chloride synthesis that lines the inner surface of all blood vessels and the heart. In addition to function as a selective barrier to prevent the diffusion of macromolecules from the blood lumen to the
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am630 br Funding br Ethics br Conflict of interest br
2022-12-02
Funding Ethics Conflict of interest Acknowledgements Introduction Hepatic fibrosis occurs in response to different etiologies of chronic liver injury, which is mainly accompanied by pathological am630 of excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) of the liver, as the common reaction of mul
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br Discussion Arginase and Arginase are homologous enzymes t
2022-12-02
Discussion Arginase 1 and Arginase 2 are homologous enzymes that consume l-arginine to produce l-ornithine and urea [14], [15]. These enzymes compete with NO synthases for the same substrate [14], [15], [30], and therefore may reduce NO production [21], [24], [30]. The colocalization of arginases
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TUNEL assay Apoptotic DNA fragmentation
2022-12-02
TUNEL assay. Apoptotic DNA fragmentation in Pam3CSK4 Biotin was measured using a commercially available TUNEL assay kit (Thermo Fisher). Frozen cells were fixed with 10% paraformaldehyde/PBS. Apoptosis was determined by staining the 3′-OH ends of fragmented DNA with biotin-dNTP using DNA I klenow f
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Because antioxidants have a strong radical
2022-12-02
Because antioxidants have a strong radical scavenging efficiency, a mixture of H2O2 and antioxidants should exhibit a much weaker depolymerization process than H2O2 alone. Therefore, we expected the redox behavior of silver could be affected by the presence of the antioxidant. The schematic diagram
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br Concluding remarks br Definition Prion
2022-12-02
Concluding remarks Definition Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders that are caused by an unconventional agent that is neither bacterial nor viral, but is in essence an infectious misfolded amyloidogenic protein, termed a prion (Prusiner, 1982). Once considered highly controvers
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The reproducibility of the IC measurements in
2022-12-02
The reproducibility of the IC50 measurements in the Pf-dhfr yeast was far better than comparable measurements in P. falciparum in vitro [1]. This is probably due to the extremely low level of folate and para-aminobenzoic EDC.HCl in the yeast growth medium. This is in contrast to culture of P. falci
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Our studies suggest that AdipoR and
2022-12-01
Our studies suggest that AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 genes are expressed in multiple tissues in the chicken wherein both receptors are likely to mediate the physiological effects of adiponectin. We determined the relative expression of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 mRNA in various tissues and found that skeletal musc
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br Conclusions Triptans are HT B D
2022-12-01
Conclusions Triptans are 5-HT1B/1D/(1F) receptors agonists and are considered as the gold standard for acute migraine treatment that have been proven effective. Unfortunately, they are contraindicated in patients with cardiovascular diseases due to their vasoconstrictor (side) effects (MaassenVan
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