• br Results and discussion br Conclusion We have

  2021-02-19

  

  Results and discussion Conclusion We have constructed a series of potent and greatly selective DPP-4 inhibitors with pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7(4H)-one core surrogates. The modification of the core led us to b2 which has IC50 of 80 nM and > 1000 fold selectivity over DPP-8 and DPP-9. We utiliz

• The inhibition of NPY cleavage

  2021-02-19

  

  The inhibition of NPY cleavage may also contribute to the effect of gliptins on blood pressure [123]: NPY is an agonist of Y1 receptor mediating peripheral vasoconstriction. Interestingly, blood pressure in adult SHRs was not affected by single dose administration of a specific DPP-4i whereas blood

• Studies carried out with LTRAs before

  2021-02-19

  

  Studies carried out with LTRAs before the identification of the CysLT2R, showed a controversial picture, as results that suggest a role for cysteinyl-LTs in the expansion of ischemic damage and in cardiac dysfunction during reperfusion [5], [68], [69] were evenly balanced by others suggesting that t

• br Introduction The offspring of rodents emit vocalizations

  2021-02-19

  

  Introduction The offspring of rodents emit vocalizations when isolated from their dam. The majority of vocalizations by rat pups are in the ultrasonic band frequency of 30–50 kHz (Insel et al., 1986). Maternal separation-induced ultrasonic vocalizations are believed to represent distress signals

• Besides being an energy storing tissue adipose tissue acts

  2021-02-19

  

  Besides being an energy storing tissue, adipose tissue acts as an active endocrine organ that secretes a number of biologically active adipokines involved in multiple physiological processes such as inflammation and lipid and glucose metabolism, with direct and indirect effects on reproduction [15,1

• Through the process of alternative splicing

  2021-02-19

  

  Through the process of alternative splicing, the IKZF1 gene is capable of encoding a large number of Ikaros isoforms (Molnar et al., 1996). Some of these isoforms were shown to have distinct functions (Li et al., 2011, Ronni et al., 2007). Ikaros protein contains four zinc fingers at the N-terminus

• Estrogen treatment in postmenopausal women

  2021-02-19

  

  Estrogen treatment in postmenopausal women requires combination with a progestogen in order to prevent endometrial stimulation. This is not necessary, however, with tibolone as progestogenic activity is associated with its Δ4-metabolite that is formed in the liver, as well as locally in the endometr

• br Introduction Maintaining the normal function of

  2021-02-19

  

  Introduction Maintaining the normal function of fetal trophoblasts is essential for a successful pregnancy. Preeclampsia (PE), a pregnancy-specific disorder, is often associated with excessive trophoblast cell apoptosis and superficial trophoblast invasion leading to insufficient spiral artery re

• The liposomes as a FDA approved drug delivery carrier have

  2021-02-19

  

  The liposomes, as a FDA-approved drug delivery carrier, have been widely utilized for drug delivery [32], [33], [34]. Liposomes are defined as self-assembled vesicles, which are composed of one or multiple concentric lipid bilayers and enclose an aqueous core. The advantages of utilizing liposomes a

• br Conclusions br Acknowledgements Implantable Microsystems

  2021-02-18

  

  Conclusions Acknowledgements Implantable Microsystems for Personalised Anti-Cancer Therapy is a EPSRC (Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, UK) funded grant (Ref. EP/K034510/1) Introduction Flemingia philippinensis, belonging to the legume family, is a polyphenol rich plant

• An important role for the precursor molecule of the main

  2021-02-18

  

  An important role for the precursor molecule of the main EBI2 ligand, 25-OHC, in the inhibition of inflammation was recently shown. 25-OHC was demonstrated to inhibit inflammasome induction in mouse macrophages [28]. Inflammasome assemblies are the sites of caspase 1 activation and lead to the gener

• Ubiquitination is a reversible posttranslational

  2021-02-18

  

  Ubiquitination is a reversible posttranslational modification. The removal of Ub is carried out by enzymes known as deubiquitinases (DUBs). The antagonistic role played by these enzymes in the Ub pathway regulates the function of the ubiquitinated proteins, while maintaining the free Ub pool in euka

• Introduction Maintenance of genome integrity is

  2021-02-18

  

  Introduction Maintenance of genome integrity is essential for life, and faithful DNA replication and repair ensure this. One of the most important parameters for DNA maintenance is the regulation of optimal concentrations of the four 5′-deoxyribonucleoside-triphosphates (dNTPs) the precursors for D

• br Conclusion br Competing interests br Authors contribution

  2021-02-16

  

  Conclusion Competing interests Authors' contributions Acknowledgements The work was supported by Aurigene Discovery Technologies (M) Sdn. Bhd., Industrial Doctoral Program sponsorship by Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia and research grants by the University of Malaya, grant number

• Two key enzymes play important roles in the bioconversion of

  2021-02-16

  

  Two key enzymes play important roles in the bioconversion of xylitol from d-arabitol, namely d-arabitol dehydrogenase (ArDH) and NADH-dependent xylitol dehydrogenase (XDH), respectively (Qi et al., 2014). In an earlier study, we developed a high xylitol yield strain by expressing xdh in E. coli BL21

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