• br Structure and function of EPAC isoforms EPACs are guanine

  2021-02-07

  

  Structure and function of EPAC isoforms EPACs are guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for the Ras-like GTPases Rap1 and Rap2 [9]. There are two mammalian EPAC isoforms, EPAC1 and EPAC2 1, 2 (Figure 1). Whereas EPAC1 displays a wide tissue distribution, the expression of EPAC2 is more restr

• In the present study promoting bile acid synthesis by

  2021-02-07

  

  In the present study, promoting bile Aminoallyl-dUTP - Cy3 synthesis synthesis by activating EP4 receptors was shown to exert protection against hepatic steatosis. This finding may be relevant for treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, a major cause of liver disease and prominent indicatio

• DHT The effect of transformation of the linker

  2021-02-07

  

  The effect of transformation of the linker Y between the carboxylic DHT residue and the phenyl moiety of 2b was also investigated, and is illustrated in Table 5. Analogs 2b, 16, and 17, possessing conformationally restricted carboxylic acid residues, tended to show stronger antagonist activity than

• To study systemic potential of the selected compounds as EP

  2021-02-07

  

  To study systemic potential of the selected compounds as EP1 receptor antagonist, they were evaluated with regard to the sulprostane-induced increase of intravesical bladder pressure in rats. Some of the analogs, 13 and 15–17, which were selected on the basis of their in vitro EP1 receptor affinity,

• Muscle Ring Fingers MuRFs comprising TRIM MuRF TRIM MuRF and

  2021-02-07

  

  Muscle Ring Fingers (MuRFs) comprising TRIM63 (MuRF1), TRIM55 (MuRF2) and TRIM54 (MuRF3) are the most studied TRIMs in the heart. However, with increasing knowledge of E3 ligases and recent advancements in the field, many other TRIMs such as TRIM8, TRIM21, TRIM24, TRIM32, TRIM45, TRIM69 and TRIM72 w

• br Acknowledgments This work was supported

  2021-02-07

  

  Acknowledgments This work was supported by a grant from the National Center for GM Crops (PJ008152) of the Next Generation BioGreen 21 Program funded by the Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea, to W.T.K. Introduction Ubiquitin (Ub) has been considered as one of the most import

• More unusual modifications also regulate DUBs Recent

  2021-02-07

  

  More unusual modifications also regulate DUBs. Recent reports have illustrated how reactive oxygen species (ROS) can regulate DUB activity 87, 88, 89, 90. ROS can serve as potent signaling molecules by reacting with active site cysteines of tyrosine phosphatases and some cysteine peptidases to form

• SB 242084 The DNA damage response DDR is a cellular mechanis

  2021-02-07

  

  The DNA damage response (DDR) is a cellular mechanism that protects against DNA damage induced by endogenous and exogenous factors, it includes changes in cellular processes such as SB 242084 regulation, DNA damage repair, apoptosis and chromatin remodeling. In recent years, the DDR has been recogn

• Each nsP plays a distinct defined

  2021-02-07

  

  Each nsP plays a distinct, defined and indispensable role in the replication of viral genome. nsP1 is a membrane associated protein which possesses S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM)-dependent methyltransferase (MTase) and guanylyltransferase (GTase) activities to catalyze the viral RNA capping reaction

• We and others have previously

  2021-02-05

  

  We and others have previously found that supplementation of old rats with ALCAR remediates the age-related decay in mitochondrial bioenergetics in liver (Hagen et al., 1998a, Hagen et al., 1998b), heart (Paradies et al., 1994, Paradies et al., 1999), muscle (Pesce et al., 2010) and WZ811 (Liu et al

• Tylosin phosphate synthesis The quantification and monitorin

  2021-02-05

  

  The quantification and monitoring of ChEs enzymatic activities have traditionally been associated to environmental studies in order to diagnose the exposure of non-target organisms to specific anti-cholinesterasic agents (Nunes, 2011). The importance of these enzymes as biomarkers of environmental c

• Although the analysis described above goes far to explain th

  2021-02-05

  

  Although the analysis described above goes far to explain the mechanism of ODQ perturbations through CHK1 inhibition, it raises important questions about the mechanism by which WT RAS isoforms promote CHK1 S280 phosphorylation. Previous reports have shown that both the MAPK-RSK and PI3K-AKT pathways

• Our previous high throughput screening HTS campaign

  2021-02-05

  

  Our previous high-throughput screening (HTS) campaign using automated, robust, and sensitive fluorescence based ionomycin assay [10], [11] led to the identification of several EPAC specific inhibitors (ESIs), and was subsequently followed by extensive hit-to-lead optimizations [20], [21], [22], [23

• br Oxidoreductase like MEM for prodrug activation br Future

  2021-02-05

  

  Oxidoreductase-like MEM for prodrug activation Future outlook Although MEM-mediated prodrug activation has been performed by different MEMs and prodrugs, and their effectiveness have been proved in vivo, only a few types of MEMs or prodrugs have been explored in prodrug activation until now [2

• br Expression data suggest involvement of

  2021-02-04

  

  Expression data suggest involvement of additional TRIMs in heart function Given the complexity of the cardiac function, involved molecular pathways and processes, and the fact that only a few of the TRIMs have thus far been shown to have a cardiac role, we hypothesized that there would be more TR

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